| What it is | An intelligent work unit built around a real role, taking on a class of work continuously | A copilot embedded in existing tools, assisting people with the current task | An agent that autonomously executes single or multi-step tasks toward a goal | A process bot that clicks through fixed scripts and moves data |
| Autonomy | Continuously completes a class of work autonomously within permission bounds | Low; people stay in control | High; can decide and act autonomously | Medium; follows a set path and struggles to adapt |
| Owns a role | Yes, with clear responsibility and boundary | No; the person remains fully accountable | Partly; by task, not by role | No; it executes but owns nothing |
| Always on | Yes, operates 7×24 | No; used when a person works | Depends; usually triggered on demand | Yes, runs on schedule |
| Human relationship | Like a colleague; shares work by division of labor | Copilot; the person drives | Agent; entrusted to act | Tool; maintained by people |
| How it is measured | Coverage / productivity / cost / service quality | Adoption / perceived efficiency gain | Task completion rate | Process execution volume |
| Best for | High-volume, rule-clear, measurable roles needing continuous handling | Writing, analysis, knowledge-work assistance | Well-defined, autonomous single tasks | Cross-system, fixed-rule, structured operations |